What is the term for molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface?
Lava
Magma
Ash
Pumice
Which volcano erupted in 79 AD, destroying the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum?
Mount Etna
Mount Vesuvius
Mount St. Helens
Mount Fuji
Which type of volcano is known for its gentle slopes and basaltic lava flow?
Stratovolcano
Shield volcano
Cinder cone
Lava dome
What is the name of the largest active volcano on Earth?
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mauna Loa
Mount Fuji
Mount St. Helens
What is the primary cause of most volcanic eruptions?
Earthquakes
Tectonic plate movements
Asteroid impacts
Glacial melt
What type of lava is thick, slow-moving, and has a chunky texture?
Pahoehoe
Aa
Pillow lava
Basaltic lava
Which volcano is located on the island of Hawaii and is considered the world’s largest active volcano?
Mount St. Helens
Mount Fuji
Mauna Loa
Mount Etna
Which type of volcano is typically steep-sided and formed from layers of solidified lava and ash?
Shield volcano
Stratovolcano (composite volcano)
Cinder cone volcano
Lava dome
The eruption of which volcano in 1815 led to the "Year Without a Summer"?
Mount Tambora
Mount St. Helens
Mount Vesuvius
Mount Pinatubo
What kind of volcanic rock is created when lava cools rapidly upon contact with water or air?
Obsidian
Basalt
Pumice
Granite
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